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Abstract For the development of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries, exploiting vanadium‐based cathode materials with quick kinetics and acceptable cycling stability is crucial. Herein, to achieve these goals, transition metal ions (Zn 2+ ) and organic ions (C 5 H 14 ON + and Ch + ) are introduced into layered hydrated V 2 O 5 . The intrinsic high conductivity of Ch + and the oxygen vacancies generated through ion pre‐intercalation accelerate the electrical mobility by optimizing the electronic structure. The Zn 2+ stabilizes the layered structure and the expanded interlayer spacing improves the ionic diffusivity. The synergistic effect of pre‐intercalated Zn 2+ and Ch + results in the (Zn 0.1 , Ch 0.1 )V 2 O 4.92 ·0.56H 2 O cathode exhibiting a discharge capacity of 473 mAh g −1 at 0.1 A g −1 with a high energy efficiency of 88% and excellent cycling stability with 91% retention after 2000 cycles at 4 A g −1 . Ex situ characterizations and density functional theory calculations reveal a reversible intercalation mechanism of Zn 2+ , and the improved electrochemical kinetics are attributed to the altered electronic conductivity and the reduced binding energy between Zn 2+ and host O 2− .
Zong et al. (Wed,) studied this question.