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Regenerative medicine is gaining increasing recognition in osteoarthritis treatment. Articular cartilage regeneration is central to regenerative strategies for managing osteoarthritis. Several surgical techniques have been employed to restore joint cartilage; however, their clinical efficacy remains limited. Mesenchymal stem cells are a promising source for cartilage regeneration owing to their capacity to differentiate into chondrocytes and bone cells and ability to secrete trophic factors with regenerative properties. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells are easily harvested, particularly from subcutaneous fat depots. This study outlines the methods of obtaining autologous microfragmented adipose tissue containing the stromal vascular fraction enriched with mesenchymal stem cells and discusses associated advantages and limitations. Moreover, the study synthesizes available clinical data on the safety and efficacy of intra-articular administration of autologous microfragmented adipose tissue with stromal vascular fraction in patients with osteoarthritis. Further long-term randomized controlled trials are warranted to assess the therapeutic potential and safety of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in osteoarthritis management.
Белобородов et al. (Mon,) studied this question.