Key result
Apoptosis exerts opposing stage-dependent effects, limiting early atherogenesis but promoting late plaque rupture and thrombosis.
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Apoptosis in atherosclerotic lesions is triggered by inflammatory processes, both via cell-cell contact and by cytokines and oxidized lipids. The role of apoptosis in atherogenesis is dual, depending on the stage of the plaque: In early stages, apoptotic death of smooth muscle--and inflammatory cells, such as lymphocytes and macrophages--may delay atherosclerotic process. However, once the plaque is formed, apoptosis may lead to plaque rupture and thrombosis.
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Karaflou et al. (2008) conducted a review in Atherosclerosis. Apoptosis was evaluated. Apoptosis plays a dual role in atherogenesis, potentially delaying the disease process in early stages but leading to plaque rupture and thrombosis in later stages.
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