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The perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is a simple and efficient technique, and is one of the most commonly employed maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) schemes for photovoltaic (PV) power-generation systems. However, under partially shaded conditions (PSCs), P&O method miserably fails to recognize global MPP (GMPP) and gets trapped in one of the local MPPs (LMPPs). This paper proposes ant-colony-based search in the initial stages of tracking followed by P&O method. In such a hybrid approach, the global search ability of ant-colony optimization (ACO) and local search capability of P&O method are integrated to yield faster and efficient convergence. A theoretical analysis of the static and dynamic convergence behavior of the proposed algorithm is presented together with computed and measured results.
Sundareswaran et al. (2015) studied this question.