Upper airway stimulation therapy and prior airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnea

OBJECTIVE: To determine if patients with prior airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) had increased benefit following implantation with hypoglossal nerve stimulator. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review at a single institution tertiary academic care center. METHODS: Following implantation with hypoglossal nerve stimulator device, the outcomes of patients who underwent prior airway surgery for OSA were compared with those who did not. Primary outcome measures included apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and nadir oxyhemoglobin saturation (NOS) as measured by polysomnography. Secondary outcome measures included Epworth Sleepiness Scale. RESULTS: Forty-seven patients underwent implantation with hypoglossal nerve stimulator. Of these, 30 patients had undergone prior airway surgery for OSA, whereas 16 did not. Mean preoperative AHI and NOS were 39.3 ± 2.8 and 78% ± 1.8% for all patients, 39.4 ± 3.7 and 79% ± 14% for patients with prior airway surgery, and 39.1 ± 4.0 and 77% ± 2.6% for patients without prior surgery. Mean postoperative AHI and NOS were 3.9 ± 1.2 and 91% ± 0.4% for all patients, 4.2 ± 1.7 and 91% ± 0.5% for patients with prior surgery, and 3.4 ± 1.5 and 93% ± 0.6% for patients without prior surgery (P = 0.756 and 0.053, respectively). CONCLUSION: Overall, patients had significant improvement following implantation with hypoglossal nerve stimulator. Prior airway surgery had no statistically significant effect on postoperative AHI or NOS. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 128:1486-1489, 2018.