The Relationships Among Measures of Egg Albumen Height, pH, and Whipping Volume

A total of 2123 eggs obtained from Brown Leghorn hens (unselected since 1965, ISA Brown, commercial brown egg layer) and Babcock hens (commercial white egg layer) at 32, 50, and 68 wk of age were used to investigate relationships among measures of albumen quality and a functional property of albumen. The eggs were sampled fresh and after storage for 5 and 10 d. At sampling, eggs were weighed and broken, and albumen height, pH, and volume after whipping for 80 s were measured. Also, yolks were weighed, dried shells were weighed, and albumen weight was determined by difference. Egg weight and the weights of the 3 principal components of the egg all increased with increasing age of the hen, with yolk weights increasing proportionately more. With storage, egg and albumen weights decreased, whereas yolk weight increased. Eggs from Brown Leghorn hens were smallest but had proportionately the largest yolks. Albumen height decreased with time in storage, and albumen pH and whipping volume increased. Differences between lines suggested that selection has changed the proportion of the yolk, albumen, and shell and has increased albumen height. Albumen height and whipping volume were negatively correlated, and differences between lines suggest that selection could have decreased the foaming ability of albumen, a principal reason for including eggs in many processed food products.