The Impact of Sauna Use on Cardiovascular Risk – A Literature Review

Introduction and objective: Cardiovascular diseases remain leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of non-pharmacological method that can support primary and secondary prevention is the use of saunas, especially Finnish dry saunas. The aim of this study is to present the current state of knowledge on the impact of sauna use on cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: A literature review based on data from the Pubmed database published between 2000 and 2025. Conclusions: Sauna use has a beneficial effect on most modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. In the long term, it improves endothelial function and reduces arterial stiffness, lowers blood pressure, optimizes lipid profile and sleep quality, reduces stress level and excessive activity of the sympathetic nervous system. However, it has no effects on body weight and its individual components in the long run. In terms of its effect on glycemia, it increases insulin sensitivity, but in insulin-treated diabetics it can cause hypoglycemia. Future studies should be well designed with specific frequency and parameters of sauna use, and include more women, older people, diabetics as well as other patients to determine the impact on cardiovascular risk.