Tuning the defects of the triple conducting oxide BaCo 0.4 Fe 0.4 Zr 0.1 Y 0.1 O 3−δ perovskite toward enhanced cathode activity of protonic ceramic fuel cells

Ba deficiency is used to tune the electronic, oxygen-ion and proton conduction in BaCo 0.4 Fe 0.4 Zr 0.1 Y 0.1 O 3−δ perovskite for a high-activity cathode of PCFCs.