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Fire emergency and evacuation planning is a complex and interrelated process that requires strategic preparation. In this study, we propose an integrated approach that combines fire evacuation simulation with Data Envelopment Analysis. First, the fire simulation model is developed to examine evacuation flow and the impact of strategic location decisions for seven fire assembly points in an exemplary industrial setting, and seven fire sources from the indoor and outdoor areas. Next, Data Envelopment Analysis is applied to analyze the efficiency of industrial evacuation policies under experimental designs with multiple input and output criteria. Finally, the results are illustrated through a case study in an industrial setting, which suggests that there are three efficient locations of assembly points in all fire cases and one inefficient location compared to other assembly points’ locations. Our study offers key managerial insights for planners involved in industrial and urban fire planning and research.
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Chanthakhot et al. (2025) studied this question.
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