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The photocatalytic selective oxidation of biomass derivate compound 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-diformylfuran is an environmentally friendly and energy-saving process. Nb 2 O 5 was prepared and applied in the oxidation of HMF under visible light, although its bandgap energy is higher than 3.2 eV. The reaction process follows a special mechanism over a Nb 2 O 5 catalyst different from the normal oxide semiconductor. The effect of calcination temperature, incident wavelength, and reaction time on photocatalytic performance was investigated. Nb 2 O 5 -800 exhibits the best performance in the presence of O 2 with benzotrifluoride as a solvent under visible light irradiation.
Zhang et al. (Sat,) studied this question.