Advancements in crosswind safety for multiple-unit train operations on the Southern Xinjiang Railway, China

To support multiple-unit train operations on the Southern Xinjiang Railway, a comprehensive series of full-scale tests was conducted to assess crosswind safety. Findings revealed that the lightweight design and flexible suspension of the multiple-unit trains, combined with the region's complex terrain, reduced the effectiveness of existing windbreaks, posing significant safety risks. In response, windbreaks with inadequate wind protection were identified, and terrain-specific modifications were proposed to enhance their performance. Subsequent full-scale testing confirmed the improved effectiveness of the modified windbreaks, leading to the establishment of revised speed limits for train operations under crosswind conditions. Following these modifications, the duration of reduced-speed operations decreased by 72.5%, while stoppage times were reduced by 81.8%, ensuring safer and more efficient train operations along the Southern Xinjiang Railway. This study provides valuable insights for ensuring the safe transit of multiple-unit trains in South Xinjiang. • Full-scale tests evaluated crosswind stability of multiple-unit trains. • Ineffective windbreaks were identified and modified for better performance. • Crosswind safety and operational efficiency of trains were significantly enhanced. • Enhanced measures ensure safe and reliable train operations in South Xinjiang.