Key result
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy was associated with increased mitral valve annular height compared to arterial hypertension with LVH (8.00 vs. 5.99 mm; p=0.02).
Why the study?
To evaluate structural features of the mitral valve in patients with LVH and identify characteristics of mitral valve structural remodeling in HOCM using three-dimensional quantification analysis.
What are the structural differences in the mitral valve between patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and those with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy?
Observational (n=63)
What are the structural differences in the mitral valve between patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and those with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy?
HOCM patients exhibit more pronounced mitral valve annular remodeling, including increased annular height and cusp areas, which correlate with LVOT gradients, compared to patients with hypertensive LVH.
Mitral valve geometric differences may inform HOCM obstruction mechanisms; leaves open whether 3D metrics should guide interventions.
Aim . To evaluate structural features of the mitral valve (MV) in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and to identify characteristics of MV structural remodeling in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) patients using three-dimensional MV quantification analysis. Material and Methods . The study included 48 patients with HOCM and 15 patients with arterial hypertension and LVH. All patients underwent standard echocardiography and real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography, followed by MV reconstruction with quantitative analysis. Quantitative analysis of MV included assessment of the mitral annulus and cusps. Results . Differences in characteristics of three-dimensional MV model between patients with HOCM and arterial hypertension and LVH were identified. In patients with HOCM, the height of the fibrous ring of the MV was increased compared to that in patients with arterial hypertension (8.00±1.72 mm vs. 5.99±1.95 mm; p=0.02). Mitral annular height (r=-0.55; p=0.02) and area(3D) (r=-0.30; p=0.04) correlated with peak LV outflow tract (LVOT) gradient. MV nonplanarity index was higher in HOCM patients (2.37±0.47 units vs. 1.73±0.62 units; p=0.02). Mitral annular maximal velocity correlated with peak (r=0.48, p=0.002) and mean (r=0.47, p=0.01) LVOT gradients. Anterior (6.40±2.04 sm2 vs. 5.07±1.04 sm2 ; p<0.05) and posterior (6.61±2.01 см2 vs. 5.27±1.23 см2 ; p=0.006) cusp areas, total cusp area (13.01±3.54 sm2 vs. 10.34±1.82 sm2 ; p=0.008), and total cusp area to annular area ratio (1.31±0.2 units vs. 1.15±0.09 units; р=0.01) had higher values in patients with HOCM. Correlation existed between anterior leaflet length and peak LVOT gradient (r=-0.45; p=0.01). Patients with HOCM had increased anterior leaflet angle compared to patients with arterial hypertension and LVH (32.13±9.21° vs. 24.86±4.45°; р=0.04). Conclusion . Compared to patients with arterial hypertension and LVH, patients with HOCM experienced more pronounced MV annular remodeling presented as an increase in the annular height, which was accompanied by an increase in the cusp areas and the anterior leaflet angle. In patients with HOCM, the annular area and the maximum mitral annular velocity correlated with LVOT gradient.
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Kanev et al. (2019) conducted an observational in Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and left ventricular hypertrophy (n=63). Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy vs. Arterial hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy was evaluated on Height of the fibrous ring of the mitral valve (mm) (p=0.02). Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy was associated with increased mitral valve annular height compared to arterial hypertension with LVH (8.00 vs. 5.99 mm; p=0.02).
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