Key result
Gender and sex steroids, including estrogen, progesterone, and androgens, influence the pathophysiology and outcomes of cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy.
Why the study?
How do gender and sex steroids influence the pathophysiology and outcomes of brain injury?
How do gender and sex steroids influence the pathophysiology and outcomes of brain injury?
Gender and sex steroids appear to influence the mechanisms and outcomes of brain injury, which may have implications for perioperative and intensive care.
May inform sex-specific risk assessment in neurosurgical patients; leaves open whether steroid modulation improves outcomes in trials.
Anesthesiologists are frequently confronted with patients who are at risk for neurological complications due to perioperative stroke or prior traumatic brain injury. In this review, we address the growing and fascinating body of data that suggests gender and sex steroids influence the pathophysiology of injury and outcome for these patients. Cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy are reviewed in the context of potential sex differences in mechanisms and outcomes of brain injury and the role of estrogen, progesterone, and androgens in shaping these processes. Lastly, implications for current and future perioperative and intensive care are identified.
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Vagnerova et al. (2008) conducted a review in Cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy. Gender and sex steroids was evaluated. Gender and sex steroids, including estrogen, progesterone, and androgens, influence the pathophysiology and outcomes of cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy.
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