Purification and Characterization of Antioxidant Peptides from Alcalase-Hydrolyzed Soybean (Glycine max L.) Hydrolysate and Their Cytoprotective Effects in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells

-induced oxidative damage via significantly downregulating intracellular ROS generation and lipid peroxidation ( p < 0.05). Additionally, SPH-IC and SPH-ID statistically upregulated total reduced glutathione synthesis, enhanced activities of catalase and glutathione reductase, and suppressed ROS-mediated inflammatory responses via inhibiting interleukin-8 secretion ( p < 0.05).