Key result
Exercise-induced cardiac output increases link strongly to plasma ANP but not CVP.
Why the study?
The study evaluated whether cardiac output during exercise is dependent on central venous pressure.
Does cardiac output during submaximal exercise correlate with central venous pressure or plasma ANP in healthy humans?
Does cardiac output during submaximal exercise correlate with central venous pressure or plasma ANP in healthy humans?
In upright humans, central venous pressure reflects gravitational influence rather than cardiac preload, whereas plasma ANP more accurately tracks the preload-driven increase in cardiac output during exercise.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
CVP should not guide preload estimation during upright exercise; hypothesis-generating for ANP as alternative marker in larger studies.
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Is cardiac output during exercise dependent on central venous pressure? What is the main finding and its importance? The increase in cardiac output during both rowing and running is related to preload to the heart, as indicated by plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, but unrelated to central venous pressure. The results indicate that in upright humans, central venous pressure reflects the gravitational influence on central venous blood rather than preload to the heart. Abstract We evaluated the increase in cardiac output (CO) during exercise in relationship to central venous pressure (CVP) and plasma arterial natriuretic peptide (ANP) as expressions of preload to the heart. Seven healthy subjects (four men; mean ± SD: age 26 ± 3 years, height 181± 8 cm and weight 76 ± 11 kg;) rested in sitting and standing positions (in randomized order) and then rowed and ran at submaximal workloads. The CVP was recorded, CO (Modelflow) calculated and arterial plasma ANP determined by radioimmunoassay. While sitting, (mean ± SD) CO was 6.2 ± 1.6 l min −1 , plasma ANP 70 ± 10 pg ml −1 and CVP 1.8 ± 1.1 mmHg, and when standing decreased to 5.9 ± 1.0 l min −1 , 63 ± 10 pg ml −1 and −3.8 ± 1.2 mmHg, respectively ( P < 0.05). Ergometer rowing elicited an increase in CO to 22.5 ± 5.5 l min −1 as plasma ANP increased to 156 ± 11 pg ml −1 and CVP to 3.8 ± 0.9 mmHg ( P < 0.05). Likewise, CO increased to 23.5 ± 6.0 l min −1 during running, albeit with a smaller ( P < 0.05) increase in plasma ANP, but with little change in CVP (−0.9 ± 0.4 mmHg). The increase in CO in response to exercise is related to preload to the heart, as indicated by plasma ANP, but unrelated to CVP. The results indicate that in upright humans, CVP reflects the gravitational influence on central venous blood rather than preload to the heart.
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Yoshiga et al. (2019) studied Healthy human physiology (n=7). Submaximal exercise (rowing and running) vs. Resting states (sitting and standing) was evaluated on Correlation between cardiac output (CO) and plasma ANP during exercise (r2 = 0.94, p=<0.05). The increase in cardiac output during rowing and running was strongly related to preload as indicated by plasma ANP (r2 = 0.94, p<0.05) but unrelated to central venous pressure.
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