Top-down architecture of magnetized micro-cilia and conductive micro-domes as fully bionic electronic skin for de-coupled multidimensional tactile perception

up to 100 kPa, while the branch of electromagnetic induction allows the FBE-skin to sensitively capture dynamic stimuli with vibrating signals up to 100 Hz. The top-down integration of MDA and MMCA not only replicates the three-dimensional structure of human skin, but also synergistically provides the FBE-skin with bionic rapidly adapting (RA) and slowly adapting (SA) receptors. Consequently, the FBE-skin is capable of perceiving dynamic/static, normal/tangential, and contact/non-contact stimuli with a broad range of working pressures and frequencies. We expect that the design of FBE-skin will be promising for widespread applications from intelligent sensing to human-machine interactions.