Biocomposite material research is gaining attention in recent days due to their lightweight, low cost, eco-friendly nature, and good strength and stiffness properties. With an emphasis on enhancing interfacial bonding and machinability through hybrid bio-ceramic reinforcement, this work offers an innovative evaluation of the shear and drilling performance of silane-treated Makana fiber and biosilica reinforced vinyl ester composites. Drilling parameters, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), and lap shear strength were used to assess the performance of composites made with 40% Makana fiber and 0–5% biosilica. Because of better fiber–matrix adhesion and consistent filler dispersion, the composite with 3 vol.% biosilica (V3) performs the best, with the greatest lap shear strength (16.8 MPa) and ILSS (23.9 MPa). With maximum circularity values of 0.98 (3 mm) and 0.96 (6 mm) and minimal delamination factors of 1.11 and 1.16, showing less drilling damage, drilling study further validates V3’s better machinability. However, because of particle agglomeration, a further increase in biosilica concentration somewhat reduces drilling quality and shear strength. Response Surface Methodology (RSM)optimization revealed that the optimum drilling conditions were a spindle speed of approximately 1000 rpm, a feed rate of 1–1.3 mm/min, and a drill diameter of 4–5 mm, resulting in minimum circularity difference and delamination factor. The developed model showed excellent predictive accuracy (R 2 = 0.9624), with confirmation experiments exhibiting prediction errors below 2%. The results confirm the superior machinability of the developed composites and their potential suitability for structural engineering applications.
Malairajan et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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