Invisible wounds: Social victimization, coping strategies, and psychological distress among widowed Syrian refugees in Jordan and Türkiye.

< .01). Coping and victimization together accounted for 28.1% of distress and 22.7% of depressive symptom variance. Social victimization was consistently associated with higher PTSD symptoms in both countries and strongly linked to distress and depressive symptoms in Türkiye. These findings underscore pathways through which social victimization and coping contribute to mental health and inequalities while highlighting the need for antidiscrimination protections; trauma-informed mental health services; and structural supports in employment, education, and social protection for widowed Syrian refugee women. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).