Drivers and necessary conditions for the purchase intention of Genetically Modified Food among older consumers in Spain

This study analyses purchase intention toward genetically modified foods among older Spanish consumers (Generation X and Baby Boomers) using the TRA framework and a sample of 248 respondents. PLS-SEM results (R² = 0.71) show that subjective norms have the strongest positive effect, perceived usefulness also has a positive impact, and perceived risk has a negative effect. Perceived value influences intention indirectly through usefulness, while sociodemographic variables are not significant. NCA findings identify perceived usefulness and perceived value as necessary conditions for achieving high purchase intention.