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The impact of airports on society and the economy is increasingly significant. However, most of the works studying this impact are focused on the regions with an airport. But, to what extent does the influence of an airport go beyond the borders of the region where it is located? To address this question, the main goal of this study is to assess the impact of airports on regional development, considering possible regional or national border effects. The methodology used is based on an econometric approach with instrumental variables applied to 778 NUTS 3 European regions, 658 of which do not have an airport. As the main results, a clear border effect has been found, because the impact is stronger in regions with airports than in the remaining regions. However, the results show that air transport may have a significant and positive impact on the regional development of regions without an airport, as well, more specifically on industry-related employment. Moreover, the development of regions with an airport is impacted strongly and positively by airports located abroad. Overall, this study offers valuable insights into decision-making processes related to the improvement of airports and the road connections serving them.
Freiria et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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