In adults with obesity, the coexistence of obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes was associated with significantly higher carotid intima-media thickness compared to type 2 diabetes alone (d=1.26).
Cross-Sectional (n=96)
Single-blind
No
Does the coexistence of OSA and T2D exacerbate vascular dysfunction (CIMT and FMD) compared to either condition alone in adults with obesity?
In adults with obesity, the coexistence of OSA and T2D does not exacerbate endothelial dysfunction (FMD) beyond either condition alone, though its additional impact on CIMT remains uncertain.
Standardized Mean Difference: 1.26
p-value: p=0.001
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are common in adults with obesity, both contributing to vascular dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk. In individuals with obesity, OSA is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and reduced flow-mediated dilation (FMD), key markers of early atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction. However, its additional effects in individuals with coexisting T2D remain unclear. Methods This cross-sectional study included adults with obesity, aged 20–59 years. Participants were categorized into four groups based on their diagnostic status: T2D alone, OSA alone, T2D+OSA, and healthy controls. CIMT and FMD% were assessed using Doppler ultrasound by blinded assessors. Results CIMT was higher in the T2D+OSA group than in the T2D group ( P 0.05). All pathological groups had significantly higher CIMT and lower FMD% than controls ( P < 0.05). Conclusion OSA and T2D impaired vascular health in adults with obesity. While all pathological groups exhibited endothelial dysfunction, the coexistence of OSA and T2D did not exacerbate FMD impairment beyond either condition alone. The additional impact of OSA on CIMT remains uncertain. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine their long-term vascular effects.
Nithitsutthibuta et al. (Wed,) conducted a cross-sectional in Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, Obstructive Sleep Apnea (n=96). Coexistence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes vs. Type 2 diabetes alone, OSA alone, or healthy controls was evaluated on Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) (d = 1.26, p=0.001). In adults with obesity, the coexistence of obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes was associated with significantly higher carotid intima-media thickness compared to type 2 diabetes alone (d=1.26).