A key role for sulfur and the potential for Nax→P intrabridgehead interactions are invoked to explain the impressive effect of the cocatalyst (shown in color) in the TiCl4-mediated Baylis–Hillman reaction [Eq. (1)]. Even sterically hindered and electronically deactivated aldehydes such as o-anisaldehyde can be coupled under these conditions. EWG=electron-withdrawing group, RT=room temperature.
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You et al. (2003) studied this question.
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