Design and Implementation of a Microstrip Antenna with Elevated Radiating Edges for Bandwidth Enhancement

In this study, a novel microstrip antenna with elevated radiating edges is proposed to enhance impedance bandwidth. The radiating edges of the patch are elevated using right-angled triangular prisms. A parametric study is conducted by varying the prism height up to 10 mm. The resonance frequency is maintained at the 2.4 GHz ISM band during the simulations. The simulation results demonstrate that increasing the prism height significantly broadens the bandwidth. To validate the concept, a physical prototype with a 10 mm prism height is fabricated using 3D printing and PCB milling techniques. The measured results show that the proposed antenna achieves a bandwidth of 135 MHz. This is a significant improvement compared to the 50 MHz bandwidth of a conventional patch antenna. Furthermore, the proposed antenna achieves a gain of 6 dBi, offering an improvement over the conventional baseline. Additionally, the electric field distribution is presented and analyzed, and the proposed design is compared with relevant studies in literature. The measured and simulated reflection coefficients are in good agreement. The proposed antenna design offers an effective and practical solution for bandwidth enhancement.