Reviewed research on neuropsychological functioning (IQ verbal, visuospatial, tactile, motor, executive, and academic abilities) in children with spina bifida and/or hydrocephalus (SB/HC). These children usually have average to low-average intelligence but are prone to visuomotor deficits and delayed school progress, especially in arithmetic. Complications of SB/HC, including ventriculitis and seizures, tend to lower IQ scores and achievement in individuals.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Karen W. Wills (1993) studied this question.