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Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction attracts substantial interests for the production of chemical fuels via solar energy conversion, but the activity, stability, and selectivity of products were severely determined by the efficiencies of light harvesting, charge migration, and surface reactions. Structural engineering is a promising tactic to address the aforementioned crucial factors for boosting CO 2 photoreduction. Herein, a timely and comprehensive review focusing on the recent advances in photocatalytic CO 2 conversion based on the design strategies over nano‐/microstructure, crystalline and band structure, surface structure and interface structure is provided, which covers both the thermodynamic and kinetic challenges in CO 2 photoreduction process. The key parameters essential for tailoring the size, morphology, porosity, bandgap, surface, or interfacial properties of photocatalysts are emphasized toward the efficient and selective conversion of CO 2 into valuable chemicals. New trends and strategies in the structural design to meet the demands for prominent CO 2 photoreduction activity are also introduced. It is expected to furnish a comprehensive guideline for inside‐and‐out design of state‐of‐the‐art photocatalysts with well‐defined structures for CO 2 conversion.
Wang et al. (Wed,) studied this question.