Psychiatric Manifestations of Endocrine Disorders

The endocrine system has been studied extensively from physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches. However, much less attention has concentrated on the psychological aspects associated with these different endocrine diseases, and the necessity of addressing these psychological issues in order to effectively treat endocrine patients. Often, there is a significant impairment in the quality of life when it comes to these different endocrine diseases, and an interdisciplinary approach is needed in order to achieve the best possible outcome for the patient. It is our goal through this review to provide a comprehensive assessment of the psychological implications associated with different endocrine disorders. Specifically, we will address the psychological aspects associated with diabetes, Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, pheochromocytoma, and androgen and estrogen disorders, as well as a brief correlation of transgender adults.