Low-Complexity Robust Beamforming Design for IRS-Aided MISO Systems With Imperfect Channels

In this letter, large-scale intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted multiple-input single-output (MISO) system is considered in the presence of channel uncertainty. To maximize the average sum rate of the system by jointly optimizing the active beamforming at the BS and the passive phase shifts at the IRS, while satisfying the power constraints, a novel robust beamforming design is proposed by using the penalty dual decomposition (PDD) algorithm. By applying the upper bound maximization/minimization (BSUM) method, in each iteration of the algorithm, the optimal solution for each variable can be obtained with closed-form expression. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves high performance with very low computational complexity.