Incidence, survival, and prevalence trends for myocardial infarction, stroke, hip fracture, and cancer across Swedish birth cohorts: a population-based register study

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Age-specific incidence rates, one- and five-year survival proportions of MI, stroke, hip fracture, and cancer at diagnosis ages 60–90, men, birth cohorts 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940, and 1950, Sweden. Note: survival proportions consider the risk of dying from any cause within one or five years after diagnosis. The solid lines represent the smoothed values (locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) with a span of 0.75), while the points show the observed values.

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  Fig. 2. Age-specific incidence rates, one- and five-year survival proportions of MI, stroke, hip fracture, and cancer at diagnosis ages 60–90, women, birth cohorts 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940, and 1950, Sweden. Note: survival proportions consider the risk of dying from any cause within one or five years after diagnosis. The solid lines represent the smoothed values (locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) with a span of 0.75), while the points show the observed values.

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  Fig. 3. Average cohort-to-cohort changes (y-axis) in incidence rates, one- and five-year survival proportions for MI, stroke, hip fracture, and cancer at diagnosis ages 60–90 (x-axis) in men and women, Sweden. Note: survival proportions consider the risk of dying from any cause within one or five years after diagnosis. The solid lines represent the smoothed values (locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) with a span of 0.75), while the points show the observed values. The y-axis displays the relative age-specific change between two adjacent birth cohorts averaged over 23–28 birth cohorts, (28 cohorts for incidence, 27 cohorts for one-year survival and 23 cohorts for five-year survival). The changes are based on the years 1994–2022 (MI, stroke, hip fracture) or rather 1992–2021 (cancer).

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  Fig. 4. Ten-year limited-duration prevalence (%) of MI, stroke, hip fracture and cancer in men and women aged 70, 80, and 90, birth cohorts 1912–1952, Sweden. Note: Age-specific prevalence proportions were based on incident cases occurring within the 60–69, 70–79, and 80–89 age ranges and surviving until the beginning of age 70, 80, and 90, divided by the population alive at the beginning of age 70, 80, and 90, respectively. All results were smoothed using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS), with a span of 0.75. For the unsmoothed prevalence figures, see Supplementary Figure S5. Relative changes indicate the relative difference between the first and last observed prevalence at each age.