Key result
Coronary artery disease was an independent predictor of increased plasma SFRP4 concentrations (beta 0.300) and epicardial adipose tissue SFRP4 expression compared to patients without coronary artery disease.
Cross-Sectional (n=70)
No
Effect estimate: beta 0.300 (95% CI 0.056-0.545)
Absolute Event Rate: 16.8% vs 14.5%
p-value: p=0.017
EAT-derived and circulating SFRP4 levels are elevated in patients with CAD and independently associated with its presence, suggesting a potential role in atherosclerosis and metabolic dysregulation.
Higher EAT SFRP4 independently associated with CAD; hypothesis-generating for biomarker or pathogenic role in observational data.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) is associated with impaired glucose and triglyceride metabolism in patients with stable coronary artery disease. In the present study, we investigated human epicardial adipose tissue (EAT)-derived and circulating SFRP4 levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Plasma samples and adipose biopsies from EAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were collected from patients with CAD (n = 40) and without CAD (non-CAD, n = 30) during elective cardiac surgery. The presence of CAD was identified by coronary angiography. SFRP4 mRNA and protein expression levels in adipose tissue were detected by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Plasma SFRP4 concentrations were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to determine the association of SFRP4 expression with atherosclerosis as well as clinical risk factors. RESULTS: SFRP4 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly lower in EAT than in paired SAT in patients with and without CAD (all P < 0.05). Compared to non-CAD patients, CAD patients had higher SFRP4 expression levels in EAT (both mRNA and protein levels) and in plasma. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that CAD was an independent predictor of SFRP4 expression levels in EAT (beta = 0.442, 95% CI 0.030-0.814; P = 0.036) and in plasma (beta = 0.300, 95% CI 0.056-0.545; P = 0.017). SAT-derived SFRP4 mRNA levels were independently associated with fasting insulin levels (beta = 0.382, 95% CI 0.008-0.756; P = 0.045). In addition, plasma SFRP4 levels were positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.259, P = 0.030), fasting insulin levels (r = 0.306, P = 0.010) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values (r = 0.331, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: EAT-derived and circulating SFRP4 expression levels were increased in patients with CAD. EAT SFRP4 mRNA levels and plasma SFRP4 concentrations were independently associated with the presence of CAD.
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Ji et al. (2017) conducted a cross-sectional in Coronary artery disease (n=70). Coronary artery disease vs. No coronary artery disease was evaluated on Plasma SFRP4 concentration (beta 0.300, 95% CI 0.056-0.545, p=0.017). Coronary artery disease was an independent predictor of increased plasma SFRP4 concentrations (beta 0.300) and epicardial adipose tissue SFRP4 expression compared to patients without coronary artery disease.
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