Integrating biological control and resistance induction strategies for root-knot nematode management: evaluation of bacillus species and salicylic acid

Integration of biological control (Bacillus subtilis and B. cereus) and resistance induction (by salicylic acid) was used against Meloidogyne javanica., Results indicated that both biocontrol agents with reduced the pathogenicity indices of the nematode, but their integration with the inducer significantly decreased the number of eggs per egg mass. The combination of B. subtilis + inducer was more effective than B. cereus + inducer. Evaluation of hydrogen peroxide, total phenols catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase enzymes showed that higher concentrations of these compounds were achieved when the inducer and the biocontrol agent were applied as a soil drench.