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Integrating a new multidimensional array streaming protocol into the BART framework enables the flexible, modular assembly of real-time MRI reconstruction pipelines with sufficiently low latency for interactive applications. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.METHODOLOGICAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

June 4, 2026Magnetic Resonance in Medicine1 citationsOpen Access

BART Streams: Real‐Time Reconstruction Using a Modular Framework for Pipeline Processing

PSPhilip SchatenGraz University of Technology MBMoritz BlumenthalBoston Children's Hospital BRBernhard RappGraz University of Technology

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Abstract

PURPOSE: To create modular solutions for interactive real-time MRI using reconstruction algorithms implemented in BART. METHODS: A new protocol for streaming of multidimensional arrays is presented and integrated into BART. The new functionality is demonstrated using examples for cardiac interactive real-time MRI based on radial FLASH, where iterative reconstruction is combined with advanced features such as dynamic coil compression and gradient-delay correction. We analyze the latency of the reconstruction and measure end-to-end latency of the full imaging process. RESULTS: Reconstruction pipelines with iterative reconstruction and advanced functionality were built in a modular way using scripting. Latency measurements demonstrate latency sufficient for interactive real-time MRI, on the order of 30 ms for BART processing and network transfer time, or 200 ms for end-to-end latency including acquisition, vendor processing, and display. CONCLUSION: With the new streaming capabilities, real-time reconstruction pipelines can be assembled using BART in a flexible way, enabling rapid prototyping of advanced applications such as interactive real-time MRI.

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