BMP-7 Treatment Ameliorates PTEN-Akt Mediated Apoptosis and Adverse Cardiac Remodeling in Ponatinib-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Background/Objectives: Ponatinib (PON) is a potent anticancer drug widely used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Although many cancer survivors benefit from such therapies, managing drug-induced side effects, especially cardiotoxicity, remains a major challenge. Despite its prevalence, the exact mechanisms underlying PON-induced cardiotoxicity have not been thoroughly investigated. Additionally, the potential of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 (BMP-7) to alleviate these cardiotoxic effects has yet to be explored. Methods: To address these essential questions, we conducted a study using C57BL/6 mice. Mice were treated with PON (25 mg/kg cumulative dosage) or a combination of PON and BMP-7 (600 μg/kg), alongside a suitable control group. Heart function was assessed by echocardiography. Different techniques were performed to evaluate the apoptotic pathway. Histological staining was performed to investigate structural changes. Results: PON treatment increased apoptotic cell death (increased expression of BAX and caspase-3) in the heart through the PTEN/Akt signaling pathway. Further, PON treatment led to increased cardiac hypertrophy, adverse remodeling, and reduced cardiac function. Importantly, BMP-7 markedly reduced PON-induced apoptosis (increased Bcl2 expression) and its downstream effects. Conclusions: These results suggest that BMP-7 might inhibit PON-induced cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, our findings pave the way for future translational studies with BMP-7, which can demonstrate the therapeutic potential of BMP-7 in a clinical setting.