Applying Technological Innovation in Logistics, Logistics Capability, and Lean Logistics for Improved Business and Market Performance in Serbia

Background: Technological innovation in logistics (TIL), logistics capability (LC), and lean logistics (LL) are receiving wider attention in logistics and supply chain research. They are often examined in separate models and less often in relation to both business performance (BP) and market performance (MP). Their joint effects on organizational performance remain insufficiently examined in previous research. Methods: This study examined the effects of TIL, LC, and LL on BP and MP through a quantitative survey conducted among enterprises in Serbia, a transition economy with limited empirical evidence on these relationships. Data from 129 valid responses were analyzed through descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and multicollinearity diagnostics. Results: The findings show that LC has a positive and significant effect on both BP and MP. LL has a positive and significant effect on BP, while TIL has a positive and significant effect on MP. The model explains a larger share of variance in BP than in MP. Conclusions: The results support a differentiated view of logistics transformation and indicate that BP and MP should be examined as related but distinct outcome dimensions. The study integrates TIL, LC, and LL within a unified performance framework.