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Energy storage systems using the electric vehicle (EV) retired batteries have significant socio-economic and environmental benefits and can facilitate the progress toward net-zero carbon emissions. Based on the patented active battery control ideas, this article proposed new available power and energy analysis for battery energy storage systems (BESS) using active life balancing control techniques. It demonstrated the effectiveness of active life balancing control in extending the life of the BESS using EV-retired batteries. The analysis and design presented in this article have been validated through experimental data using batteries retired from Nissan Leaf.
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Wang et al. (2023) studied this question.
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