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The valence-band structures of MnO, CoO, NiO, CuO, Cu₂O, NiCl₂, NiS, and KNiF₃ have been obtained by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Band widths and positions are obtained, and are compared with the results of band-structure calculations. Bandwidths for the oxides are in accord with augmented-plane-wave calculations. Bands positions are better described by shifting free-ion energy levels according to the Madelung energy. The structure of the d band of NiO is compared with other experimental and theoretical results.
Hüfner et al. (Thu,) studied this question.