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Supercapacitors that can function when in direct contact with human tissue are of paramount importance for wearable bioelectronics but face mismatching with biological tissue and its movement. Herein, we developed a zwitterion hydrogel elastomer electrode-based all-hydrogel supercapacitor (AHSC) characterized by good energy storage properties, bioadhesion, body movement-matching mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. These functions were realized by integrating a 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyldimethyl-(3-propylsulfonate)ammonium hydroxide (DMAPS) and hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA)-copolymerized zwitterion hydrogel electrode (DMAPS-HEA) with redox-active nanofillers. This hydrogel electrode endowed AHSC with body movement-matching mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Redox-active nanofillers were designed with the structure of a reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-anchored cobalt/nickel bimetallic metal-organic framework (Co/Ni MOF) using polydopamine (PDA). The Co/Ni MOF contributes to the high energy storage performance. rGO enhances the conductivity, whereas PDA introduces catechol groups, contributing to the bioadhesion. This AHSC serves as a flexible alternative to traditional rigid and low-tissue-affinity power supply devices in bioelectronics.
Jiang et al. (Wed,) studied this question.