Key result
Increasing the efficacy of the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine has a greater impact on preventing infection and reducing the basic reproduction number than increasing vaccination coverage.
Why the study?
Foot-and-mouth disease is an acute, highly infectious animal disease, and a diffuse model was needed to account for vaccination efficacy in managing disease transmission.
Mathematical modeling suggests that improving vaccine efficacy is more effective than increasing vaccine coverage for controlling foot-and-mouth disease.
Prioritizing FMD vaccine efficacy over coverage may better limit spread in models; leaves open empirical trials before guiding control programs.
Foot-and-mouth disease is an acute, highly infectious, and economically significant transboundary animal disease. Vaccination is an efficient and cost-effective measure to prevent the transmission of this disease. The primary way that foot-and-mouth disease spreads is through direct contact with infected animals, although it can also spread through contact with contaminated environments. This paper uses a diffuse foot-and-mouth disease model to account for the efficacy of vaccination in managing the disease. First, we transform an age-space structured foot-and-mouth disease into a diffusive epidemic model with nonlocal infection coupling the latent period and the latent diffusive rate. The basic reproduction number, which determines the outbreak of the disease, is then explicitly formulated. Finally, numerical simulations demonstrate that increasing vaccine efficacy has a remarkable effect than increasing vaccine coverage.
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Yang et al. (2022) studied Foot-and-mouth disease. Vaccination vs. No vaccination / lower vaccine coverage was evaluated on Basic reproduction number (R0). Increasing the efficacy of the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine has a greater impact on preventing infection and reducing the basic reproduction number than increasing vaccination coverage.
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