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Defense and aerospace communication systems need compact wide-band antennas suitable for multiple-frequency-band operation. In this article, a miniaturized hexagonaltriangular fractal antenna is examined for wide-band applications. The iterations are made from hexagonal rings, where the sides of the rings are connected by triangular elements inside a hexagonal metal patch. Transmissionline-feed technique is used to feed the signal. A triangular slotted symmetrical defective ground structure (DGS) with a rectangular slit at the center is used to obtain a bandwidth ratio of 8.4:1 with an operating bandwidth ranging from 3 to 25.2 GHz. The percentage of impedance bandwidth and gain of the proposed antenna are much superior to the recently reported wide-band antennas, which makes it suitable for numerous wireless applications, such as wireless local area networks, Wi-Fi, ultrawideband (UWB), X band, and Ku band. The performance of the antenna is analyzed by various parametric studies and field and current distribution analysis. The corresponding design details and comparison of simulated and practical results are presented.
Darimireddy et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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