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Abstract Compressed air energy storage (CAES) has emerged as a grid‐scale energy storage linchpin, providing diurnal‐to‐seasonal timescale energy buffering for renewable power integration. Diverging from conventional salt cavern‐dependent approaches, artificial cavern‐based CAES unlocks geographical adaptability through engineered underground containment. This study systematically reviews critical technologies in chamber construction, including site selection, structural design, excavation methods, and post‐construction evaluation. Site selection employs a multi‐criteria matrix that combines geological and environmental factors. Structural design integrates spatial layout, burial depth, sealing system, and component compatibility to ensure chamber stability. Excavation prioritizes controlled blasting for homogeneous rock, while a tunnel boring machine is deployed in fractured zones to preserve integrity. Post‐construction assessments validate load‐bearing capacity, sealing performance, and operational readiness, supported by data‐driven maintenance strategies. Ongoing challenges include site‐specific geological risks, sealing system durability under cyclic loading, equipment integration, field‐scale validation, standardization gaps, and cost‐efficiency optimization. These innovations will establish best practices for building large‐scale, high‐efficiency CAES plants with ultra‐long duration and grid resilience, accelerating the transition to carbon‐neutral power systems.
Wan et al. (Fri,) studied this question.