Correlations of cardiointervalographic indicators with constitutional characteristics in athletes of mesomorphic somatotype

The topic of sports, physical fitness and adaptive abilities of a person to the influence of physical activity of different intensity has become highly relevant in recent years. The aim of the work is to establish correlations between the indicators of heart rate variability and parameters of the external structure of the body in young athletes of mesomorphic somatotype. The study involved 29 athletes between the ages of 17 and 21 with a high level of sportsmanship and more than 3 years of experience. All athletes had a track and field athletic load with maximum (100 m, 200 m and 110 m hurdles) and submaximal (running on 400 m and 800 m) work intensity. We conducted a study of heart rate variability on the cardiac computer diagnostic complex “OPTW” following the recommendations of the European and North American Cardiac Association (1996). Variable heart rate, statistical and spectral cardiointervalographic indices were determined. Anthropometry was performed by the Bunak method (1941), somatotypological study – by the calculated modification of the Heath-Carter method (1990), determination of the component composition of body weight by the method of Matejko (1921). In the package “STATISTICA 5.5” correlation analysis was performed using the nonparametric Spearman statistical method. Cardiointervalographic findings were found to be statistically significantly correlated with a small number of body sizes and somatotype components and body weights in adolescent athletes belonging to the mesomorphic somatotype. Indicators of variational heart rate did not have numerous reliable and unreliable relationships of average strength with somatic parameters. The data of correlation analysis of indices of variational pulsometry showed that in athletes with increase in width and thickness of the torso and decrease in the circumference of the shin and chest was more pronounced sympathicotonia, and with the reduction of fat component increased the influence on the heart of the parasympathetic system. Statistical indicators of heart rate variability with constitutional parameters had significant inverse correlations of mean power. Among all statistical indicators of heart rate variability, the PNN50 had the strongest and most significant correlations with anthropometric dimensions. The least significant correlations with constitutional characteristics in mesomorphic athletes had spectral indices related to skin-fat thickness, trunk diameters, and lower limb segment circumferences.