Targeting VEGFR-2 in breast cancer: synthesis and in silico and in vitro characterization of quinoxaline-based inhibitors

ADMET analysis predicted a favorable safety profile over sorafenib, particularly with respect to carcinogenic and chronic toxicity risks. These findings indicate that quinoxaline derivative 11d holds potential as a selective and effective VEGFR-2 inhibitor with promising antitumor and anti-metastatic properties, warranting further investigation.