Key result
A pro-inflammatory diet was associated with a higher 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease compared to an anti-inflammatory diet, with body mass index mediating 34.0% of this relationship.
Why the study?
Although higher dietary inflammatory potential is linked to CVD risk and BMI mediates links between DII and other diseases, the mediating role of BMI in the association between DII and 10-year CVD risk remains unclear.
Does a pro-inflammatory diet increase the 10-year risk of CVD in adults?
Cross-Sectional (n=14,355)
Does a pro-inflammatory diet increase the 10-year risk of CVD in adults?
Absolute Event Rate: 10.3% vs 9.9%
p-value: p=0.010
Body mass index partially mediates the association between a pro-inflammatory diet and increased 10-year cardiovascular disease risk, particularly in men and non-elderly individuals.
BMI may mediate pro-inflammatory diet and estimated 10-year CVD risk; hypothesis-generating, needs prospective confirmation.
Introduction Dietary with higher inflammatory potential are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk over the next decade, while studies have shown body mass index (BMI) to be one of the mediators between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and multiple diseases such as depression and diabetes. However, the role of BMI in the association between DII and 10-year risk of CVD is unclear. Methods Study based on 14,355 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants’ diet, obesity level and CVD risk were assessed using the DII, BMI and Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Linear regression and counterfactual model were used to analyze this relationship. Results Participants on a pro-inflammatory diet had a higher risk of CVD over the next ten years compared to participants on an anti-inflammatory diet. Counterfactual models showed a 34.0% partial mediating role of BMI in this relationship, most particularly in males (17.3%) and non-elderly (28.6%-100%). Conclusion Inflammatory diet adversely affects cardiovascular risk, a large part of which operates through BMI, especially in males and non-elderly populations. These findings are beneficial in facilitating research on the mechanisms of diet-related inflammation on CVD.
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Xie et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in 10-year risk of CVD (n=14,355). Pro-inflammatory diet vs. Anti-inflammatory diet was evaluated on 10-year risk of CVD (Framingham Risk Score) (p=0.010). A pro-inflammatory diet was associated with a higher 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease compared to an anti-inflammatory diet, with body mass index mediating 34.0% of this relationship.
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