Human placental apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease. Its isolation and characterization.

An endonuclease from human placenta has been purified to apparent homogeneity, which acts specifically on DNA containing either apurinic or apyrimidinic sites. The isolation procedure, which results in a 20,000-fold purification and an overall yield of 15%, employs chromatography on a gel of octyl succinic anhydride coupled to agarose by diaminohexane spacers, isoelectric focusing, Sephadex G-75 chromatography, and DNA agarose affinity chromatography. Under conditions in which proteolysis is minimized, this enzyme appears to be the major species of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease. The endonuclease is a monomeric protein with an apparent Mr = 37,000 as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme has a pI of 7.4-7.6, requires Mg2+, is partially stimulated by Mn2+, and is inhibited by EDTA. It has no detectable exonuclease or phosphomonoesterase activity.