Evaluation of residual sludge and water quality of a treatment plant is an integrated activity through the analysis of physical and chemical properties related to health, environment, and specific water used. This study aimed to address the characteristics and properties of the raw water, treated water, and the residual sludge from Al-Wihda water treatment plant (WTP) based on two stage. The first is the historical data from 2018 to 2023 and the results showed that the maximum amount of sludge produced was 259.2 kg/1000 m3 exceeded the reported limit, while turbidity and TSS have a significant contribution to the amount of sludge produced by Al-Wihda WTP. The second, experimental tests were carried out for the residual sludge in the sedimentation tank for the duration (15 July-15 December, 2023) and the results showed that the maximum TSS in residual sludge was about 1585 m3/d, while the maximum COD was about 200 mg/L which exceeded the Iraqi standard limit (100 mg/L). The study concluded that residual sludge is dependent on the amount of TSS contained in the raw water and contains high amount of COD that could be used for the treatment of saline wastewater.
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Kadhim et al. (2025) studied this question.
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