In search for an epistemology for the sciences of built environments

This article is a call for increased attention to the epistemological challenges in the scientific study of built environments. These issues are acknowledged, yet only superficially discussed, in the philosophy of architecture. While the philosophy of science has recently examined how environments shape human health, the specific problems raised by built spaces remain largely overlooked. However, it is crucial to address the epistemological foundations that underlie the ethical, aesthetic, social, and political dimensions of architecture. Evidence-Based Design illustrates this need: it aims to enhance scientific rigour in building design and improve performance. Based on a systematic review of design research, I argue that its methodological inspiration (Evidence-Based Medicine) is ill-suited to architectural contexts. A constructive update would incorporate insights from philosophy of science on experimentation, pluralism, and the role of theory in practical sciences. This case study exemplifies philosophical engagement with built environments and design research.