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July 27, 2026Journal of Building Performance Simulation

Can occupant-centric control be generalizable? A practical occupancy-based framework for heating and cooling setpoint optimization in commercial buildings

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Authors

ACAlexandre Santana CruzMOMohamed OufMNMazdak Nik‐Bakht

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Overview

Randomized trial examines energy savings and comfort impact of occupancy-based HVAC control in commercial buildings, indicating broad applicability.

Key Points

  • The study aims to develop a generalizable framework for optimizing HVAC controls based on occupancy patterns.
  • Integrated Kernel Density Estimation, Random Forest, and Cumulative Relative Frequency for occupancy prediction.
  • Evaluated framework through occupancy modelling assessment and simulated across various datasets and climate zones.
  • Benchmarking against a traditional schedule-based HVAC system using an EnergyPlus small office prototype.
  • Achieved energy savings of up to 14% with minimal impact on comfort levels.
  • Showed greater energy-saving potential in heating-dominated climates with acceptable deviations in hotter climates.
  • Energy savings driven by occupancy patterns leading to optimized schedules and adaptive controls.

Cite This Study

Cruz et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a67009540bca442e0d4a5c4https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2026.2706831
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