An analytics-based sustainable inventory model for perishable green products with demand segmentation, dual warehousing, and inspection decisions

This study develops a sustainable two-warehouse inventory model for perishable green products under inspection-based quality control and segmented demand. The proposed model incorporates time-dependent deterioration, near-defective items, carbon-emission effects, and preservation differences between owned and rented warehouses. Demand is represented as a nonlinear function of selling price, advertising effort, product greenness, and warehouse accessibility, thereby capturing realistic consumer purchasing behavior. Two practical marketing strategies are investigated: (i) discounted sales of near-defective products and (ii) non-discount sales under customer repulsion effects. An inspection process is integrated into the inventory cycle to identify and separate defective items, thereby improving product quality and operational transparency. Numerical results indicate that the discount-based strategy yields substantially higher total profit than the non-discount scenario. Sensitivity analysis further demonstrates that advertising investment, preservation technology, and green enhancement positively influence demand and profitability while reducing deterioration and carbon emissions. The proposed model offers valuable managerial insights for sustainable inventory control and environmentally responsible supply chain management.