This theoretical framework explains gravitational time dilation without altering General Relativity, emphasizing mathematical structure.
Relative Gravitational Matter–Energy Confinement (RGMEC) presents a zero-parameter structural interpretation of gravitational time dilation that remains mathematically identical to the Schwarzschild limit of General Relativity. The framework introduces no new physical fields, forces, free parameters, or modifications to Einstein’s equations. Instead, it provides a comprehensive mathematical organization of gravitational confinement using differential geometry, variational methods, fiber bundles, sheaf theory, spectral geometry, persistent topology, and observational correspondence, while preserving the established predictions of General Relativity.
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Alhawarat et al. (2026) studied this question.
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