A study on the accuracy of 1D/2D Carrera Unified Formulation theory in composite shaft dynamics characteristics prediction under different geometry parameters

Carbon-reinforced composite shafts are widely used in power transmission and their dynamic characteristics are always predicted by 1D beam theory. This article builds the composite shaft dynamics model by 1D/2D CUF theory and 2D CUF theory considers the zig-zag function. These three models are based on Equivalent Single-Layer theory and verified by ANSYS simulation and experiment. Then, the applicability of these models under different geometry parameters is discussed, such as length-radius ratio, single-layer thickness-radius ratio, and layup angle. The results showed that: 1D-CUF has better convergence for composite shafts with large length-radius ratios and low single-layer thickness-radius ratios. The 2D CUF model performs high accuracy with arbitrary length-radius ratios and single-layer thickness-radius ratios, while its calculation time is longer. The CUF is suitable for any angle. The consideration of the Zig-Zag function has little effect on further improving the dynamic prediction accuracy of 2D CUF. These findings are significant for applying CUF theory in composite shaft dynamics characteristics prediction.