D‐pinitol attenuates isoproterenol‐induced myocardial infarction by alleviating cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress and ultrastructural changes in Swiss albino mice

Cardiovascular diseases are the most disturbing problems throughout the world. The side effects of existing drugs are continuously compelling the scientist to look for better options in terms of safety, efficacy and cost‐effectiveness. Our study is also a move in this direction. We have chosen D‐pinitol to see its cardioprotective role in isoproterenol‐induced myocardial infarction in Swiss albino mice. Grouping was made by dividing mice into eight groups (n = 6). Group I, control; Group II, isoproterenol (ISO) (150 mg/kg, i.p.); Group III, D‐pinitol (PIN) (25 mg); Group IV, PIN (50 mg); Group V, PIN (100 mg) per kg per oral, respectively with ISO; Group VI, PIN per se (100 mg D‐pinitol only); Group VII, Propranolol (PRO) (20 mg/kg/oral) with ISO; and Group VIII, PRO per se (20 mg/kg, p.o.). After 24 h of the last dose, the blood sample was collected for biochemical parameters, then mice were, killed through cervical dislocation under anaesthesia and cardiac tissue was collected for biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural evaluation. Administration of ISO in mice altered the level of antioxidant markers, cardiac injury markers and inflammatory markers, which were significantly restored towards normal by D‐pinitol at the dose of 50 and 100 mg. 25 mg of D‐pinitol dosage, did not produce significant cardio protection. The histopathological and ultrastructural analysis further confirmed these findings. Our study showed that D‐pinitol significantly protected myocardial damage which was induced by ISO and reverted oxidative stress and inflammation considerably.